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Angry Bird Wearing a Make America Great Again Hat

American entrada slogan

Trump's "Make America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence equally his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Not bad Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let's Make America Swell Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it once more in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'due south utilize of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilisation phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, amusement and politics, existence used by those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the The states, regarding it as canis familiaris-whistle politics and coded language.[iv] [v] [6] [7] The slogan was likewise at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [eleven]

Utilise before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was kickoff used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a oral communication at the tertiary session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, majuscule, and direction; who tin give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will brand America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America slap-up once again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'southward 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the Usa was suffering from a worsening economy at abode marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the state's economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amongst the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, especially in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, nosotros'll restore promise and we'll welcome them into a swell national crusade to make America not bad again."[18] [xix]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Beak Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'southward 2008 presidential main campaign.[22]

During the 2016 balloter campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'southward version, used as a campaign rallying weep, was a bulletin to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you lot an economy you had 50 years ago, and... motility you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'southward book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Permit's Do What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Corking Over again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the time to come, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must make America corking again."[25] Also in Dec 2011, he published a volume using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #ane Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Brand America Nifty Once again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On Jan i, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of State'due south office to create the "Make America Not bad Over again Party", which would accept allowed Trump to be that party'southward nominee if he had decided to get a tertiary-political party candidate in the 2012 presidential ballot.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day afterwards Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his ain business relationship, Trump outset considered "Nosotros Will Brand America Great", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, merely upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. Afterwards selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan's utilise in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the The states Patent and Trademark Office requesting sectional rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service marking on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public equally early as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Corking" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump ofttimes used the slogan, particularly by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the campaign that at one point information technology spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or tv set commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat x to one. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that's an advertisement."[28]

Post-obit Trump'southward election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Nifty" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Nevertheless, Trump'south 2020 campaign connected to use the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, once again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In tardily 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week after Trump left function, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Brand America Great Again Political party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who too called for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late January 2021, the quondam president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is non Presidential – it'due south Modernistic DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Swell Over again!" on July 1, 2017.[40]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marker Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'south retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, v,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump gear up up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the declaration (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May three, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Phonation of America journalist, among others,[5] [half-dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just entreatment to people who hear it as racist coded language, but also to those who have felt a loss of condition every bit other groups have become more empowered."[iv] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America First did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Bang-up Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Simply if you wear one, information technology'south a pretty adept indication that y'all share, adore or capeesh President Trump's racist views almost Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[half-dozen] The Detroit Gratuitous Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more than in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan every bit "fabulous", writing: "Information technology was vague enough to appeal to optimists mostly, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that most ten percentage of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[49] [ not-primary source needed ] while virtually thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[50] [ improve source needed ]

Use past others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Dandy Again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Republic of iraq and early on years of the State of war on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book well-nigh her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[52]

Afterward Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Nifty Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to ship cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz after sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Argue Again", in response to Trump'due south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 contend.[53] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such every bit "Make America United mexican states Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Use past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 beak signing.[56] [57] Quondam U.s.a. Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you think America was great?"[58] [59] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be fabricated bang-up again considering America was always slap-up."[60] Trump subsequently tweeted "Make AMERICA Bang-up Once more!" afterward that day.[61]

Apply by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks plant that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-correct extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Understanding. The last sentence of the speech delivered past him was "make our planet groovy once again."[63]

During his entrada for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, one-time opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia nifty once more", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Political party used the slogan "Brand Eu Lagom Again".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Futurity protest in Berlin with the line "Brand Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary motion-picture show named Brand the Globe Greta Once more.[68]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Again" phase backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Great Once more" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult amusement [edit]

  • Adult motion-picture show star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip order tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 entrada trail and office of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Once more".[70]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Groovy Again was a street art mural past artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[71] [72]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand up-upwardly tour was titled "Making America Swell Again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Developed Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed equally the Globe Merchandise Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Nifty Over again" Official presidential campaign Flag to pattern a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to article of clothing on Red Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Peachy Once again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Dandy Once again" fez hat in one scene.[79]
  • The Syfy movie Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[fourscore]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Bang-up" (a phrase Trump would later utilize as his 2020 campaign slogan); ane of the TV spots for the picture featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with i stating he does so "to go on my country [America] great".[81] The next film in the franchise, The Kickoff Purge, was afterwards advertised with a affiche featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA hat.[82]
  • The grapheme Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA lid throughout the picture.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Dandy Once more" during his campaign confronting Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat eleven (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombatxi newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great once again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Once more" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Groovy Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a vocal in 2018 called One thousand.A.T.A, meaning Brand America Trap Once more.[87]
  • Make America Rock Again was a stone concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Auto, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Bout", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Brand Anger Great Again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Over again".[90]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Make America Great Again" on his album Exist More Kind (2018).
  • Vocalist Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Again" a few months later on actualization at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' apparel.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau saying Make America Skate again in Take chances the Rapper'southward video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with embrace art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Once more.[93]
  • Metal band Thy Fine art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human being Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball game Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Great Once again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Once again",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Tv [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his prove Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[98]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Expedition: Discovery episode "What's By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious over again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

Angry Bird Wearing a Make America Great Again Hat

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again